Ravano dalle Carceri (died 1216) was a Lombard nobleman. He was one of the first

triarchs of Negroponte The Triarchy of Negroponte was a crusader state established on the island of Euboea ( vec, Negroponte) after the partition of the Byzantine Empire following the Fourth Crusade. Partitioned into three baronies (''terzieri'', "thirds") (Chalkis, ...

from 1205. In 1205 Ravano was among those who led forces in the capture of the island of

Euboea Evia (, ; el, Εύβοια ; grc, Εὔβοια ) or Euboia (, ) is the second-largest Greek island in area and population, after Crete. It is separated from Boeotia in mainland Greece by the narrow Euripus Strait (only at its narrowest poin ...

from the

Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...

as part of the

Fourth Crusade The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III. The stated intent of the expedition was to recapture the Muslim-controlled city of Jerusalem, by first defeating the powerful Egyptian Ayyubid S ...

. The island was made subject to the

Kingdom of Thessalonica The Kingdom of Thessalonica () was a short-lived Crusader State founded after the Fourth Crusade over conquered Byzantine lands in Macedonia and Thessaly. History Background After the fall of Constantinople to the crusaders in 1204, Bonifac ...

and in August King Boniface divided the island into thirds, granting probably the central third to Ravano. The rulers of Euboea (Negroponte to the Italians) were called ''terzieri'' or triarchs: rulers of thirds. In 1209, after fellow triarchs Peccoraro de' Peccorari and Giberto da Verona (a relative of Ravano), had returned to Italy and died, respectively, Ravano seized control of the whole island and rebelled against his nominal suzerain, now

Demetrius Demetrius is the Latinized form of the Ancient Greek male given name ''Dēmḗtrios'' (), meaning “Demetris” - "devoted to goddess Demeter". Alternate forms include Demetrios, Dimitrios, Dimitris, Dmytro, Dimitri, Dimitrie, Dimitar, Dumit ...

. The

Republic of Venice The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia, ...

recognised his independence as Lord of Negroponte and he accepted Venetian suzerainty in March. However the rebels were defeated in May and Ravano recognized the suzerainty of Emperor Henry. Later in the year he foiled the conspiracy of

Oberto II of Biandrate Oberto, Uberto, or Umberto II ( en, Humbert) was the Count of Biandrate (''Blan-Dras'') in Lombardy and a participant in the Fourth Crusade. Oberto was a companion of Boniface of Montferrat on the Fourth Crusade. After Boniface' elevation to Kin ...

, his former ally, who had planned to take the life of the Emperor Henry. He was successful in maintaining his rule until his death. Ravano had agreed to marry Isabella, the wife of another man, sometime prior to 25 May 1212, when, after she was widowed, the

Archbishop of Athens The Archbishopric of Athens ( el, Ιερά Αρχιεπισκοπή Αθηνών) is a Greek Orthodox archiepiscopal see based in the city of Athens, Greece. It is the senior see of Greece, and the seat of the autocephalous Church of Greece. It ...

received dispensation from

Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III ( la, Innocentius III; 1160 or 1161 – 16 July 1216), born Lotario dei Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni), was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1198 to his death in 16 J ...

to perform the marriage. Ravano made no provision for his principality in light of his death and it was left to the Venetian bailiff to divide Euboea into sixths in 1217. The northern third, with capital at Oreoi, was divided between Ravano's nephews, Merino I dalle Carceri, Merino I and Rizzardo dalle Carceri, Rizzardo; the central third, with the island's capital, Chalkis, was divided between his widow, Isabella, and his daughter, Berta dalle Carceri, Bertha; and the southern third, with capital at Karystos, was divided between Giberto's heirs, Guglielmo I da Verona, Guglielmo I and Alberto da Verona, Alberto.Loenertz pp 148-149 Ravano's wife may have been the trobairitz Ysabella (trobairitz), Ysabella.

Notes

Sources

*John B. Bury, Bury, John B. "The Lombards and Venetians in Euboia (1205–1303)." ''Journal of Hellenic Studies'', 7 (1886), pp. 309–352. *Charanis, Peter. "The Monastic Properties and the State in the Byzantine Empire." ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers'', 4 (1948), pp. 51–118. *Fotheringham, J. K. "Genoa and the Fourth Crusade." ''English Historical Review'', 25:97 (Jan., 1910), pp. 26–57. *Loenertz, R-J (1978), ''Les seigneurs tierciers de Négrepont'', Byzantion, vol. 35 (1965), re-edited in ''Byzantina et Franco-Graeca : series altera'' (1978), Rome, Edizioni di storia e letteratura * *

External links

* at Medieval Lands Project. {{DEFAULTSORT:Dalle Carceri, Ravano Italian untitled nobility Christians of the Fourth Crusade 1216 deaths Triarchs of Negroponte Year of birth unknown 13th-century Italian nobility Dalle Carceri, Ravano